Pharmacology About Cardiovascular System

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Sample questions from Pharmacology About Cardiovascular System

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.A prescription reads, "Give 0.25 mg digoxin PO daily." The available tablets contain 125 mcg each. How many tablets should the nurse administer?

   • A.2 tablets
   • B.1 tablet
   • C.4 tablets
   • D.0.5 tablet

   Rationale: Convert 0.25 mg to 250 mcg; 250 mcg divided by 125 mcg per tablet equals 2 tablets. One tablet supplies only half the prescribed dose, while 0.5 tablet and 4 tablets are also incorrect conversions. Convert units before calculating medication doses.

2. 2.The provider prescribes a medication with a 500 mg dose. The available solution contains 250 mg per 5 mL. How many milliliters should the nurse administer?

   • A.2.5 mL
   • B.20 mL
   • C.10 mL
   • D.5 mL

   Rationale: The solution contains 50 mg/mL, so 500 mg requires 10 mL. Five milliliters supplies only 250 mg, while 2.5 mL supplies 125 mg and 20 mL supplies 1,000 mg. Verify the dose and concentration before administration.

3. 3.A client is prescribed a medication with a short half-life. Which statement best describes a likely consequence of the drug's pharmacokinetics?

   • A.The medication will remain in the body for several weeks after one dose.
   • B.The medication may need to be given more frequently to maintain therapeutic levels.
   • C.The medication cannot cause adverse effects.
   • D.The medication will be absorbed only when taken with food.

   Rationale: A short half-life means the drug concentration declines relatively quickly, so more frequent dosing may be needed depending on the medication. Half-life alone does not determine food effects or eliminate adverse effects. It also does not imply that a single dose lasts for weeks.

4. 4.The provider prescribes 1,000 mL of IV fluid over 8 hours using tubing with a drop factor of 15 gtt/mL. What rate should the nurse set in drops per minute?

   • A.42 gtt/min
   • B.21 gtt/min
   • C.125 gtt/min
   • D.31 gtt/min

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.A client with a prescription for levothyroxine and an oral iron supplement asks how to take them. Which instruction is best?

   • A.Separate the doses by several hours because iron can impair levothyroxine absorption.
   • B.Take both together with breakfast to improve absorption.
   • C.Crush both medications and mix them in the same beverage.
   • D.Take levothyroxine only when symptoms of hypothyroidism occur.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.