HESI- PN Exit Pharmacology

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Sample questions from HESI- PN Exit Pharmacology

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.Before administering scheduled insulin in a rehabilitation facility, which action best verifies the client's identity?

   • A.Ask the roommate to confirm the client's name.
   • B.Ask the client to state their name and date of birth and compare both with the wristband and medication administration record.
   • C.Ask the client whether the name printed on the medication cup is correct.
   • D.Compare the room number with the medication administration record.

   Rationale: Two person-specific identifiers, such as name and date of birth, must match the wristband and medication administration record. A roommate's statement and a room number are not reliable identifiers. Asking a client to agree with a stated name can produce an inaccurate response, especially with confusion or hearing impairment.

2. 2.An older adult with chronic kidney disease receives a medication eliminated primarily by the kidneys. Which finding most strongly suggests that the prescribed dosing interval needs review?

   • A.The client reports an unpleasant taste immediately after each dose.
   • B.The medication produces the intended effect after the first dose.
   • C.Adverse effects become more pronounced after several scheduled doses.
   • D.The medication takes longer to produce its first effect.

   Rationale: Reduced renal clearance can cause medication accumulation and progressively greater adverse effects with repeated dosing. A delayed initial response is more closely related to absorption and onset than to accumulation. An unpleasant taste does not indicate impaired clearance, and an intended response after the first dose does not suggest toxicity.

3. 3.Refer to the client's chart. Which actions should the practical nurse take now? Select all that apply.

   • A.Withhold additional opioid medication.
   • B.Recheck the client in 1 hour before reporting the findings.
   • C.Support breathing and apply oxygen according to emergency protocol.
   • D.Encourage the client to walk to improve alertness.
   • E.Promptly notify the RN or provider and activate the facility's urgent response process.

   Rationale: The decline from RR 16 to 8 breaths/min, SpO2 from 96% to 86%, and increasing difficulty arousing the client indicate opioid-associated respiratory depression. Additional opioid must be withheld, emergency help obtained, and breathing supported with oxygen according to protocol. Walking is unsafe for a difficult-to-arouse client and does not correct hypoventilation. Waiting an hour could allow respiratory arrest; an opioid reversal agent may be needed through authorized orders or protocol.

4. 4.The provider prescribes amoxicillin 150 mg orally for an infant. The suspension contains 250 mg/5 mL. How many milliliters should the practical nurse administer?

   • A.3 mL
   • B.1.5 mL
   • C.6 mL
   • D.0.6 mL

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.During medication preparation for a client with a feeding tube, the practical nurse notes an order for an extended-release tablet. What is the safest action?

   • A.Crush the tablet finely and mix it with warm water.
   • B.Crush half the tablet and give the remaining half later.
   • C.Dissolve the tablet in the entire container of tube feeding.
   • D.Request an appropriate alternative formulation before administering the medication.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.