ATI Med-Surg Proctored Gi

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Sample questions from ATI Med-Surg Proctored Gi

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.A client with chronic heart failure reports a 2-kg weight gain over 2 days and new orthopnea. Which action should the nurse take first?

   • A.Teach the client to reduce dietary potassium
   • B.Schedule the next routine clinic visit
   • C.Encourage the client to increase oral fluids
   • D.Assess oxygen saturation and respiratory effort

   Rationale: A rapid weight gain with orthopnea suggests worsening fluid overload and possible pulmonary congestion, so respiratory status needs immediate assessment. Increasing fluids could worsen congestion, while a routine visit delays evaluation. Potassium restriction is not indicated by these findings alone.

2. 2.A client's potassium is 6.2 mEq/L (reference range 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L), and the electrocardiogram shows peaked T waves. Which actions should the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply.

   • A.Administer prescribed IV calcium gluconate
   • B.Encourage foods high in potassium
   • C.Obtain a repeat potassium level as prescribed
   • D.Prepare to administer prescribed regular insulin with dextrose
   • E.Place the client on continuous cardiac monitoring

   Rationale: Continuous monitoring is appropriate because hyperkalemia can cause life-threatening dysrhythmias, and IV calcium gluconate stabilizes the cardiac membrane. Insulin with dextrose shifts potassium into cells, and a repeat level evaluates the response. High-potassium foods would aggravate the condition.

3. 3.A client receiving a blood transfusion develops chills, back pain, and dyspnea. What should the nurse do first?

   • A.Slow the transfusion rate
   • B.Administer an antipyretic and continue the transfusion
   • C.Stop the transfusion
   • D.Flush the blood tubing with dextrose solution

   Rationale: Chills, back pain, and dyspnea may indicate an acute transfusion reaction, so the blood must be stopped immediately. Slowing the rate still exposes the client to the suspected incompatible product. Dextrose is incompatible with blood products; maintain IV access with normal saline using new tubing and follow reaction protocol.

4. 4.During a home visit, a client with heart failure describes the daily routine. Which statements indicate correct self-management? Select all that apply.

   • A.I take my prescribed diuretic at bedtime
   • B.I stop my beta blocker when I feel tired
   • C.I will call if my weight rises 2 lb in a day
   • D.I limit sodium as directed
   • E.I weigh myself each morning after urinating

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.A pregnant client at 30 weeks reports severe headache and blurred vision. Blood pressure is 168/112 mm Hg. Which action is the priority?

   • A.Encourage ambulation to lower the blood pressure
   • B.Notify the obstetric provider promptly
   • C.Offer a high-sodium snack
   • D.Recheck the blood pressure at the next prenatal visit

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.