Questions on Cardiovascular System on Pharmacology

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Sample questions from Questions on Cardiovascular System on Pharmacology

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.Which pharmacokinetic process describes movement of a medication from the bloodstream into body tissues?

   • A.Distribution
   • B.Excretion
   • C.Absorption
   • D.Metabolism

   Rationale: Distribution is the movement of a drug from the bloodstream into tissues and body fluids. Absorption is movement into the bloodstream, metabolism is chemical alteration of the drug, and excretion removes the drug or its metabolites from the body. Remember the sequence as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.

2. 2.The provider prescribes 375 mg of a medication. The available liquid contains 250 mg per 5 mL. How many milliliters should be administered?

   • A.9 mL
   • B.6 mL
   • C.7.5 mL
   • D.5.5 mL

   Rationale: The concentration is 50 mg/mL, so 375 mg divided by 50 mg/mL equals 7.5 mL. Giving 5.5 mL or 6 mL would provide less than the prescribed dose, while 9 mL would provide 450 mg. Verify the concentration and use an appropriate oral measuring device.

3. 3.A newborn is prescribed an oral medication at 0800. Which actions support safe medication administration? Select all that apply.

   • A.Verify the current weight in kilograms.
   • B.Compare the prescribed dose with the recommended weight-based range.
   • C.Use an oral syringe to measure a small liquid dose.
   • D.Ask another qualified clinician to independently verify a high-alert dose when required by policy.
   • E.Use the adult dose if the newborn's symptoms are severe.

   Rationale: Newborn doses are commonly weight based, so the nurse should verify a current kilogram weight and check the calculated dose against a reliable recommended range. An oral syringe provides accurate measurement of small liquid volumes, and required independent checks add a safety barrier for high-alert medications. Severity of symptoms does not justify substituting an adult dose for a prescribed neonatal dose.

4. 4.A primigravida at 32 weeks has a prescription for a medication that crosses the placenta. Which principle should guide medication administration during pregnancy?

   • A.The pregnant client should stop every prescribed medication immediately.
   • B.Any medication is safe if the dose is low.
   • C.Placental transfer occurs only during the first trimester.
   • D.Consider maternal and fetal risks and benefits before administration.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.A client who takes levothyroxine is prescribed warfarin. Which pharmacokinetic or medication-safety consideration is most important?

   • A.Warfarin prevents levothyroxine absorption completely.
   • B.The interaction may increase anticoagulant effect, so INR monitoring is important.
   • C.The client should stop levothyroxine whenever warfarin is started.
   • D.The two medications must always be taken in the same tablet.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.