Wgu Adult Health 1

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Sample questions from Wgu Adult Health 1

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.A 68-year-old client arrives in the emergency department with crushing chest pressure, diaphoresis, and nausea. Blood pressure is 88/54 mm Hg, heart rate 112/min, and oxygen saturation 95% on room air. The electrocardiogram shows ST elevation in leads II, III, and aVF. Which action should the nurse take first?

   • A.Administer sublingual nitroglycerin as prescribed
   • B.Establish intravenous access and prepare for prescribed fluid bolus
   • C.Obtain a fasting lipid panel
   • D.Encourage the client to ambulate to reduce anxiety

   Rationale: Inferior-wall myocardial infarction with hypotension may involve right ventricular infarction, making preload support important; establish access and prepare the prescribed fluid bolus. Nitroglycerin can worsen hypotension, and lipid testing does not address the immediate threat. Ambulation increases myocardial oxygen demand; stabilize circulation and expedite reperfusion.

2. 2.A 74-year-old client hospitalized with heart failure suddenly becomes dyspneic and restless. The client has crackles bilaterally, oxygen saturation of 82%, and a respiratory rate of 32/min. Which nursing action is the priority?

   • A.Place the client in high-Fowler position and apply prescribed oxygen
   • B.Obtain the client's daily weight
   • C.Encourage oral fluids
   • D.Teach the client to limit sodium at home

   Rationale: Severe hypoxemia and acute pulmonary congestion require immediate support of breathing; elevate the head of the bed and apply prescribed oxygen. Daily weight and sodium teaching are important but do not correct the current respiratory emergency. Oral fluids may worsen congestion; address airway and breathing first.

3. 3.A 59-year-old client with atrial fibrillation is receiving warfarin. The client reports black, tarry stools and weakness; blood pressure is 96/60 mm Hg, and the INR is 5.8. What should the nurse do first?

   • A.Administer the scheduled warfarin dose
   • B.Hold warfarin and notify the provider promptly
   • C.Encourage foods rich in vitamin K and reassess tomorrow
   • D.Document the stool and continue routine monitoring

   Rationale: Melena, weakness, hypotension, and a markedly elevated INR suggest significant bleeding; hold warfarin and promptly notify the provider for urgent evaluation. Giving the dose could worsen hemorrhage, while dietary vitamin K is not a safe substitute for immediate management. Documentation alone delays care; assess for instability and anticipate reversal measures as prescribed.

4. 4.A 62-year-old client with hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. At a follow-up visit, the client reports a persistent dry cough; blood pressure is 128/76 mm Hg, and potassium is 4.4 mEq/L. Which response is best?

   • A.Stop the medication immediately without contacting the prescriber
   • B.Explain that a dry cough can occur and report it to the prescriber
   • C.Recommend a potassium supplement to prevent medication effects
   • D.Tell the client the cough indicates worsening heart failure

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.A 71-year-old client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is admitted with increased dyspnea. The client is alert, has an oxygen saturation of 84% on room air, and has an order to titrate oxygen to a target saturation of 88% to 92%. Which action is appropriate?

   • A.Withhold oxygen because it may suppress the client's respiratory drive
   • B.Apply oxygen as prescribed and titrate to the ordered target
   • C.Apply oxygen at the highest available flow until saturation is 100%
   • D.Wait for arterial blood gas results before applying oxygen

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.