RN Pediatric Study Guide

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Sample questions from RN Pediatric Study Guide

This material has 20 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.A 7-month-old with diarrhea is lethargic, has cool feet, capillary refill of 4 seconds, and a normal blood pressure. Which interpretation is most appropriate?

   • A.Oral intake can be deferred until the next routine assessment.
   • B.The findings are expected during teething.
   • C.The infant may have compensated shock.
   • D.Normal blood pressure excludes shock.

   Rationale: B is correct because children can maintain blood pressure despite impaired perfusion. A incorrectly treats hypotension as necessary for shock. C does not explain lethargy and poor perfusion. D delays assessment and treatment of possible instability.

2. 2.A child has high fever, drooling, a muffled voice, and tripod positioning. Which action should the RN take first?

   • A.Inspect the pharynx with a tongue depressor.
   • B.Place the child flat for a complete examination.
   • C.Offer oral fluids to assess swallowing.
   • D.Keep the child calm and activate emergency airway assistance.

   Rationale: C supports a threatened airway while avoiding agitation in suspected epiglottitis. A may precipitate obstruction. B can worsen distress and airway compromise. D creates aspiration risk and does not address the emergency.

3. 3.An order reads amoxicillin 40 mg/kg/day divided into two doses for a child weighing 15 kg. The available suspension is 400 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?

   • A.3.75 mL
   • B.15 mL
   • C.1.875 mL
   • D.7.5 mL

   Rationale: A is correct: 40 x 15 = 600 mg/day; divided by 2 gives 300 mg/dose; 300 x 5/400 = 3.75 mL. B gives the entire daily dose at once. C halves the correct dose again. D provides four times the correct per-dose volume.

4. 4.Which caregiver statement about infant sleep requires further teaching?

   • A."I use a firm, flat sleep surface."
   • B."I use an inclined sleeper when my baby has congestion."
   • C."I keep pillows and loose blankets out of the crib."
   • D."I place my baby on the back for sleep."

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.A child receiving treatment for an asthma exacerbation has less audible wheezing but is now drowsy with minimal air movement. What is the priority action?

   • A.Activate urgent assistance and prepare for advanced respiratory support.
   • B.Delay reassessment until the next bronchodilator dose.
   • C.Offer a meal because the child appears calmer.
   • D.Document improvement and reduce monitoring.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.