ATI Vn Exit Exam

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Sample questions from ATI Vn Exit Exam

This material has 180 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.A client's potassium is 6.2 mEq/L (reference range 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L), and the ECG shows peaked T waves. Which prescription should the nurse implement first?

   • A.Encourage the client to drink more water.
   • B.Give oral sodium polystyrene sulfonate.
   • C.Prepare the client for a routine hemodialysis session tomorrow.
   • D.Administer IV calcium gluconate.

   Rationale: IV calcium gluconate is the priority because it stabilizes the cardiac membrane when hyperkalemia is causing ECG changes. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate can help remove potassium but does not provide immediate cardiac protection. Increasing fluids may be unsafe, and waiting until tomorrow for dialysis delays treatment of a potentially life-threatening dysrhythmia.

2. 2.In the emergency department, a client who had a stroke 45 minutes ago has right-sided weakness and difficulty speaking. The client is awake and asks for water. What should the nurse do first?

   • A.Place the client supine and encourage the client to rest.
   • B.Keep the client NPO until swallowing ability is screened.
   • C.Give small sips of water while observing for coughing.
   • D.Insert a nasogastric tube for immediate hydration.

   Rationale: The client should remain NPO until a swallowing screen is completed because an acute stroke can impair the gag and swallowing reflexes, creating an aspiration risk. Giving even small sips before screening is unsafe. A nasogastric tube is not automatically indicated, and a supine position can increase aspiration risk.

3. 3.A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is being discharged with home oxygen. Which instructions should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

   • A.Keep oxygen equipment away from open flames and heat sources.
   • B.Use petroleum jelly inside the nostrils to prevent dryness.
   • C.Keep oxygen at the prescribed flow rate unless the provider changes it.
   • D.Post a no-smoking sign and do not allow smoking near the equipment.
   • E.Secure oxygen cylinders upright during storage and transport.

   Rationale: Keeping oxygen at the prescribed flow rate prevents unsupervised changes that could compromise treatment. Oxygen supports combustion, so it must be kept away from flames and heat, smoking must be prohibited, and cylinders must be secured upright. Petroleum-based products are flammable; a water-based lubricant is a safer choice for nasal dryness.

4. 4.At change of shift, the nurse receives report on four clients. Which client should the nurse assess first?

   • A.A client with diabetes whose premeal blood glucose is 198 mg/dL.
   • B.A client with pneumonia whose temperature is 38.1 C (100.6 F) after receiving an antipyretic.
   • C.A client 6 hours after thyroidectomy who is restless and has new inspiratory stridor.
   • D.A client with a leg fracture who reports pain of 8 on a 0-to-10 scale.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.Refer to the client's chart. Which findings support concern for sepsis with impaired tissue perfusion? Select all that apply.

   • A.The client is newly confused and difficult to keep awake.
   • B.The heart rate increased from 104/min to 122/min.
   • C.The urine output is 20 mL during the last hour.
   • D.The blood pressure decreased from 108/68 mm Hg to 88/54 mm Hg.
   • E.The temperature decreased to 37.8 C (100.0 F).

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.