Pediatric Exam Neurology, Hematology, Onocolgy

Free preview · Original latest version

Sample questions from Pediatric Exam Neurology, Hematology, Onocolgy

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.Which observation is most consistent with expected neurologic development in a healthy 2-month-old infant?

   • A.The infant uses a pincer grasp.
   • B.The infant briefly lifts the head while prone.
   • C.The infant transfers a toy between hands.
   • D.The infant sits without support.

   Rationale: Briefly lifting the head while prone is an emerging gross-motor skill at this age. Sitting independently, transferring objects, and using a pincer grasp develop later. Developmental milestones are assessed as a pattern rather than as isolated proof of normality.

2. 2.During a community visit, the parent of a 6-month-old asks which observations are expected at this age. Select all that apply.

   • A.The infant has no head lag when pulled to sit.
   • B.The infant rolls from back to stomach.
   • C.The infant sits steadily without support.
   • D.The infant uses a mature pincer grasp.
   • E.The infant babbles consonant sounds.

   Rationale: Rolling, improved head control without head lag, and consonant babbling are expected around this age. A mature pincer grasp and steady independent sitting usually emerge later. Development varies, so findings should be interpreted with the full history and screening results.

3. 3.At a 12-month well-child visit, which finding warrants follow-up for possible developmental delay?

   • A.Uses a thumb-and-finger grasp to pick up a small food piece.
   • B.Pulls to stand while holding furniture.
   • C.Does not babble or use gestures such as waving.
   • D.Cries when the caregiver leaves the room.

   Rationale: Absence of babbling and gestures near 12 months warrants developmental assessment, including hearing and communication evaluation. Pulling to stand and a refined grasp are expected emerging skills. Separation distress is common and is not, by itself, evidence of delay.

4. 4.Which action is most appropriate when assessing a newborn's primitive reflexes?

   • A.Assess the reflexes and compare symmetry on both sides.
   • B.Repeatedly elicit each reflex until the newborn becomes calm.
   • C.Interpret an absent Moro reflex at birth as expected.
   • D.Use the reflex findings alone to diagnose cerebral palsy.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.At a 2-year well-child visit, which findings are generally expected for development? Select all that apply.

   • A.Has a mature tripod pencil grasp.
   • B.Uses two-word phrases.
   • C.Walks up stairs with assistance.
   • D.Engages in parallel play near other children.
   • E.Has fully developed impulse control.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.