ATI Capstone Maternal

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Sample questions from ATI Capstone Maternal

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.In the pediatric clinic, a caregiver reports that a 2-month-old has had several episodes of forceful vomiting after feedings. Which additional finding requires the most immediate follow-up?

   • A.The emesis is green and contains bile.
   • B.The infant's abdomen is soft between feedings.
   • C.The infant has six wet diapers in the past 24 hours.
   • D.The infant is eager to feed again immediately after vomiting.

   Rationale: Bilious emesis can indicate intestinal obstruction and requires urgent evaluation. Hunger after vomiting can occur with several gastrointestinal conditions, while six wet diapers and a soft abdomen are reassuring findings. Do not delay evaluation of bilious vomiting by assuming the problem is uncomplicated reflux.

2. 2.A client's potassium is 6.2 mEq/L (reference range 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L), and the ECG shows peaked T waves. Which actions should the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply.

   • A.Encourage the client to eat a potassium-rich snack.
   • B.Hold the next dose of a prescribed potassium-sparing diuretic and notify the provider.
   • C.Place the client on continuous cardiac monitoring.
   • D.Administer a potassium supplement to prevent dysrhythmias.
   • E.Administer IV calcium gluconate as prescribed.
   • F.Prepare to administer IV insulin with dextrose as prescribed.

   Rationale: Continuous monitoring is indicated because hyperkalemia with ECG changes can cause life-threatening dysrhythmias; IV calcium gluconate stabilizes the myocardium, and insulin with dextrose shifts potassium into cells. Holding a potassium-sparing diuretic and notifying the provider helps prevent further potassium elevation. Potassium-rich foods and supplements would worsen hyperkalemia.

3. 3.A client states, 'I use my rescue inhaler every hour, but I still cannot speak in full sentences.' Which action should the nurse take first?

   • A.Schedule a routine appointment to review long-term asthma control.
   • B.Ask the client to demonstrate the inhaler technique before giving another dose.
   • C.Assess oxygenation and initiate emergency treatment for severe respiratory distress.
   • D.Teach the client to rinse the mouth after using the inhaler.

   Rationale: Difficulty speaking and poor response to repeated rescue medication indicate a potentially life-threatening asthma exacerbation; immediate respiratory assessment and emergency treatment take priority. Mouth rinsing is useful after inhaled corticosteroids but does not address the acute crisis. Technique review and routine follow-up must not delay emergency care.

4. 4.At change of shift, the nurse receives report on four clients. Which client should the nurse assess first?

   • A.A 71-year-old with chronic heart failure who has bilateral ankle edema unchanged from yesterday
   • B.A 35-year-old with a urinary tract infection who is requesting the next dose of analgesic
   • C.A 59-year-old with diabetes whose premeal blood glucose is 198 mg/dL
   • D.A 47-year-old 1 hour after thyroidectomy who reports tingling around the mouth

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.A client taking warfarin asks which over-the-counter medication is safest for occasional mild pain. Which response is best?

   • A.Choose ibuprofen because it does not affect blood clotting.
   • B.Ask the prescriber or pharmacist before taking acetaminophen regularly.
   • C.Use naproxen because it is less likely to cause bleeding than aspirin.
   • D.Take aspirin with food to reduce stomach irritation.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.