A Nurse Is Teaching a Client Who Has Acute Kidney Injury About Dietary Sources of Potassium. Which of the Following Statements by the Client Indicates a Need Fo

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Sample questions from A Nurse Is Teaching a Client Who Has Acute Kidney Injury About Dietary Sources of Potassium. Which of the Following Statements by the Client Indicates a Need Fo

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.A 68-year-old client with acute kidney injury (AKI) is admitted to a medical unit. The client asks which fruit to avoid because it is high in potassium; potassium is 5.6 mEq/L. Which response should the nurse give?

   • A.Blueberries are high in potassium.
   • B.Apples are high in potassium.
   • C.Grapes are high in potassium.
   • D.Bananas are high in potassium.

   Rationale: Bananas are a well-known potassium-rich fruit and may need to be limited when serum potassium is elevated. Apples, blueberries, and grapes are generally lower-potassium fruit choices in typical portions. The nurse should reinforce individualized portions and the renal dietitian's guidance.

2. 2.A 66-year-old client with AKI is admitted to a telemetry unit. Potassium is 5.8 mEq/L, and the client is learning which foods to limit. Which items should the nurse include as higher-potassium choices? Select all that apply.

   • A.Avocado
   • B.Pasta made from refined flour
   • C.Pear
   • D.Tomato sauce
   • E.Cooked spinach

   Rationale: Tomato sauce, avocado, and cooked spinach can provide substantial potassium and may require restriction or portion control. Refined-flour pasta and pears are generally lower-potassium alternatives. The exact plan should be individualized to laboratory trends, serving sizes, and the client's overall nutritional needs.

3. 3.A 63-year-old client with AKI is on a medical unit with potassium of 5.9 mEq/L. The nurse is organizing care and has a UAP available. Which task is appropriate to delegate to the UAP?

   • A.Assess whether the client has new muscle weakness.
   • B.Decide whether the client's diet order should be changed.
   • C.Measure and record the client's urine output after the nurse explains the collection method.
   • D.Teach the client which vegetables are high in potassium.

   Rationale: A UAP may measure and record urine output for a stable client when the task and reporting expectations are clear. Teaching, assessment, and decisions about changing a diet order require nursing judgment. The nurse remains responsible for interpreting the findings and communicating concerns.

4. 4.A 69-year-old client with AKI is hospitalized with potassium of 5.6 mEq/L. The client says a relative brought a large serving of dried fruit from home. What is the nurse's best action?

   • A.Allow the serving because dried fruit is a healthy snack.
   • B.Check the diet order and discuss the portion with the client before it is eaten.
   • C.Tell the client to eat it only after taking a diuretic.
   • D.Replace it with a salt substitute to reduce sodium.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.A 61-year-old client with AKI is receiving care on a medical unit. Potassium is 5.7 mEq/L, and the client says, 'I thought tomato juice was just a drink, not a potassium food.' Which response is best?

   • A.Tomato juice can be high in potassium, so check your plan for an appropriate portion or substitute.
   • B.Avoid all fluids because they contain potassium.
   • C.Only solid foods contribute potassium, so tomato juice is unrestricted.
   • D.Tomato juice is safe if you drink it between meals.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.