Maternity and Pediatrics Exam 4 Mcphs

Free preview · Original latest version

Sample questions from Maternity and Pediatrics Exam 4 Mcphs

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.During a school clinic visit, an adolescent with inflammatory acne asks why the prescribed topical retinoid has not cleared the lesions after 3 days. Which response is best?

   • A.Stop the medication because it should clear acne within 24 hours.
   • B.Scrub the face vigorously before each application.
   • C.Improvement often takes several weeks, and consistent use as prescribed is important.
   • D.Apply a thick layer several times daily to speed the response.

   Rationale: Topical retinoids help prevent plugged follicles, but visible improvement commonly takes weeks. Stopping after a few days or applying extra medication can worsen irritation rather than speed treatment. Gentle cleansing is preferred; vigorous scrubbing can inflame acne.

2. 2.The parent of a 6-year-old with eczema asks how to reduce itching and prevent skin breakdown at home. Which instructions should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

   • A.Apply a fragrance-free moisturizer regularly, especially after bathing.
   • B.Dress the child in soft, breathable fabrics.
   • C.Use lukewarm water and keep baths brief.
   • D.Keep the child's fingernails short.
   • E.Use scented soap to remove skin oils.

   Rationale: Regular fragrance-free emollients, short lukewarm baths, trimmed nails, and soft fabrics help maintain the skin barrier and reduce scratching. Scented soap can irritate dry, sensitive skin. Preventing scratching reduces the risk of excoriation and secondary infection.

3. 3.A child in daycare has honey-colored crusts around the nose and mouth. Which instruction is most important to limit spread of suspected impetigo?

   • A.Keep the child home until every mark on the skin has disappeared.
   • B.Share towels only with family members.
   • C.Stop prescribed treatment when the crusts begin to loosen.
   • D.Keep the lesions covered when possible and perform careful hand hygiene.

   Rationale: Impetigo is contagious through direct contact and contaminated items, so hand hygiene and covering lesions when feasible help limit transmission. Towels should not be shared. Treatment should be completed as prescribed, and return to daycare follows local guidance and treatment requirements rather than waiting for all discoloration to disappear.

4. 4.Which finding in a child with a rash requires prompt evaluation rather than routine home skin care?

   • A.A nonblanching purple rash accompanied by fever and lethargy
   • B.Mild dry skin on both elbows
   • C.Itching that improves after a cool compress
   • D.A few stable comedones on the forehead

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.At a community clinic, a school-age child is diagnosed with scabies. Which measures should the nurse teach the family? Select all that apply.

   • A.Expect itching to stop immediately after the first application.
   • B.Treat close household contacts as directed, even if they do not itch.
   • C.Apply the prescribed scabicide exactly as directed, including the specified body areas.
   • D.Wash recently used clothing and bedding in hot water and dry thoroughly.
   • E.Avoid sharing clothing, towels, and bedding during treatment.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.