HESI Nutrition

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Sample questions from HESI Nutrition

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.A nurse is assessing a client with a body mass index (BMI) of 17.8 kg/m2. How should the nurse interpret this finding?

   • A.Underweight
   • B.Healthy weight
   • C.Overweight
   • D.Obesity

   Rationale: A BMI below 18.5 kg/m2 is classified as underweight in adults. A healthy-weight BMI is 18.5 to 24.9, overweight is 25.0 to 29.9, and obesity begins at 30.0. BMI is a screening measure and should be considered with the client's overall health and body composition.

2. 2.A client who follows a vegan diet asks which food provides a complete protein. Which response should the nurse give?

   • A.Quinoa
   • B.Apples
   • C.Olive oil
   • D.White rice

   Rationale: Quinoa contains all nine essential amino acids and is considered a complete plant protein. Apples and olive oil do not provide meaningful amounts of protein, and rice is relatively low in some essential amino acids. A varied plant-based diet can also provide all essential amino acids through complementary protein sources eaten throughout the day.

3. 3.A client with heart failure is learning to follow a low-sodium diet. Which food choice indicates the best understanding?

   • A.Fresh chicken breast with brown rice
   • B.Canned soup with crackers
   • C.Deli turkey sandwich with pickles
   • D.Instant noodles with seasoning packet

   Rationale: Fresh, unprocessed chicken and plain brown rice are generally much lower in sodium than processed or packaged foods. Canned soup, deli meat, pickles, and instant noodle seasoning commonly contain substantial sodium. The client should compare food labels and consider serving size when selecting packaged foods.

4. 4.A nurse is teaching a client with iron-deficiency anemia about improving dietary iron absorption. Which food should the nurse recommend eating with a plant-based iron source?

   • A.Orange slices
   • B.Black tea
   • C.Bran cereal
   • D.Milk

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.A client with chronic kidney disease is prescribed a diet that limits potassium. Which food should the nurse recommend avoiding?

   • A.Baked potato
   • B.White rice
   • C.Applesauce
   • D.White bread

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.