Foundation of Nursing Proctored Exam

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Sample questions from Foundation of Nursing Proctored Exam

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.At change of shift on a medical-surgical unit, an RN receives report on four clients. Which client should the RN assess first?

   • A.A client with pneumonia whose SpO2 has fallen from 94% to 87% on 2 L/min oxygen
   • B.A client 1 day after hip replacement who reports pain of 7/10 and has a scheduled analgesic due
   • C.A client scheduled for discharge who needs clarification about a new prescription
   • D.A client with diabetes whose premeal glucose is 218 mg/dL and who is awaiting insulin

   Rationale: The falling oxygen saturation despite supplemental oxygen suggests worsening gas exchange and requires immediate assessment and intervention. Pain, elevated glucose, and discharge teaching are important but do not take priority over an acute breathing problem. The exam takeaway is to prioritize threats to airway and breathing.

2. 2.During a home visit, a 78-year-old client with heart failure tells the nurse that managing several daily medications is difficult. Which actions are appropriate to improve medication safety? Select all that apply.

   • A.Reconcile the medication list with prescription containers and the prescriber
   • B.Recommend using a weekly pill organizer if the client can fill it safely
   • C.Arrange a reminder system suited to the client's vision and routine
   • D.Tell the client to stop the diuretic on days when leaving home
   • E.Ask the client to describe how each medication is taken

   Rationale: Asking for a description reveals the client's actual medication-taking practices, and reconciliation can identify discrepancies. A pill organizer or accessible reminder can support adherence when matched to the client's abilities. Stopping a prescribed diuretic without prescriber guidance can worsen heart failure.

3. 3.In a long-term care facility, an RN is assigning care for a stable resident with a chronic stroke. Which task is appropriate to delegate to an experienced unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?

   • A.Teach the resident how to use a transfer belt
   • B.Evaluate whether the resident's pain medication was effective
   • C.Assist the resident with bathing and report any new skin redness
   • D.Assess the resident's ability to swallow a newly prescribed diet

   Rationale: Bathing a stable resident and reporting observations are appropriate UAP tasks. Swallowing assessment, teaching, and evaluation require nursing judgment and remain the RN's responsibility. The RN should follow up on any reported skin change.

4. 4.The provider prescribes a medication dose that appears substantially higher than the usual dose for a 6-year-old client. The client is stable. What should the nurse do first?

   • A.Administer the medication because the prescription is signed
   • B.Ask another nurse to verify the dose and then administer it
   • C.Reduce the dose to the usual pediatric dose and document the change
   • D.Hold the medication and clarify the prescription with the provider

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.A client with limited English proficiency arrives at an outpatient clinic to discuss a new cancer diagnosis. Which action best supports informed decision-making?

   • A.Give the client translated paperwork and ask the client to sign
   • B.Use a qualified medical interpreter and speak directly to the client
   • C.Ask the client's adult child to interpret the discussion
   • D.Speak loudly and slowly in English while using gestures

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.