Fundamental 12 Edition Sherpath

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Sample questions from Fundamental 12 Edition Sherpath

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.In a long-term care facility, a resident with a new cough and fever is being evaluated for a respiratory infection. Which action best limits transmission while the cause is being determined?

   • A.Place the resident on droplet precautions and use a surgical mask when within close range
   • B.Move the resident to a positive-pressure room
   • C.Place the resident on airborne precautions and use an N95 respirator for all care
   • D.Use standard precautions only until a culture confirms infection

   Rationale: Droplet precautions are appropriate for many respiratory infections while evaluation is in progress, along with standard precautions and facility policy. An N95 and airborne isolation are indicated for suspected airborne pathogens, not every cough. Waiting for culture results or using a positive-pressure room can expose others; positive-pressure rooms protect immunocompromised clients from outside pathogens.

2. 2.During a home visit, a client receiving chemotherapy has a central venous catheter. Which actions reduce the risk of catheter-related infection? Select all that apply.

   • A.Leave a damp or loose dressing in place until the scheduled change
   • B.Use sterile technique when changing the central-line dressing
   • C.Perform hand hygiene before catheter care
   • D.Scrub the catheter hub before each access using the recommended antiseptic
   • E.Replace the dressing immediately if it becomes soiled or wet

   Rationale: Hand hygiene, hub disinfection, and sterile dressing-change technique reduce introduction of microorganisms. A wet, loose, or soiled dressing compromises the barrier and should be replaced promptly using the prescribed technique. Leaving it in place increases infection risk.

3. 3.Which action is appropriate when removing a gown and gloves after contact precautions?

   • A.Keep the gloves on until after leaving the client's room
   • B.Remove the gown and gloves together by pulling from the front
   • C.Remove the gloves first, then the gown, avoiding contact with the outside surfaces
   • D.Remove the gown first and then use bare hands to remove the gloves

   Rationale: The gown and gloves are contaminated, so remove them without touching their outer surfaces and perform hand hygiene afterward. Pulling both from the front can contaminate clothing or skin. Removing gloves with bare hands or leaving the room while still gloved spreads organisms to the environment.

4. 4.A client states, "I feel dizzy when I stand up." Which instruction is most important for preventing a fall?

   • A.Walk quickly to the chair before the dizziness worsens
   • B.Sit at the edge of the bed before standing and rise slowly with assistance
   • C.Wear slippers without backs to make them easier to remove
   • D.Avoid using the call light so staff can assess independent mobility

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.At change of shift, a client is found on the floor beside the bed. Which actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.

   • A.Obtain vital signs and notify the provider of significant findings
   • B.Move the client to bed immediately, regardless of possible injury
   • C.Assess the client for injury and level of consciousness before moving them
   • D.Document in the health record that an incident report was completed
   • E.Complete an incident report according to facility policy

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.