ATI Fundamentals Exit

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Sample questions from ATI Fundamentals Exit

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.During a home visit, an adolescent with influenza asks how to reduce the chance of infecting family members. Which instruction is most appropriate?

   • A.Share drinking glasses only with household members who have had influenza.
   • B.Use hand sanitizer instead of washing hands after handling respiratory secretions, even when hands are visibly soiled.
   • C.Wear a surgical mask only when sleeping in the same room as a family member.
   • D.Cover coughs with a tissue, discard it promptly, and clean hands afterward.

   Rationale: Covering coughs, promptly discarding tissues, and performing hand hygiene reduce the spread of respiratory droplets and contaminated secretions. Sharing glasses can transmit respiratory pathogens, and a mask is not useful only during sleep; source control is most important when around others. Alcohol-based hand rub is appropriate when hands are not visibly soiled, but visibly soiled hands require soap and water.

2. 2.In a long-term care facility, an older adult with suspected Clostridioides difficile infection has frequent watery stools. Which actions should staff take to reduce transmission? Select all that apply.

   • A.Place the client in a private room when available.
   • B.Clean the room with a sporicidal environmental disinfectant.
   • C.Wear a gown and gloves on entry when providing care.
   • D.Use alcohol-based hand rub as the preferred hand hygiene method after care.
   • E.Dedicate equipment such as a blood pressure cuff to the client.

   Rationale: A private room, gown and gloves, sporicidal environmental cleaning, and dedicated equipment help prevent transmission of C. difficile spores. Alcohol-based hand rub is not the preferred method after caring for a client with C. difficile; wash with soap and water because mechanical removal of spores is important. Contact precautions and careful environmental cleaning are key infection-control measures for spore-forming organisms.

3. 3.Which action is appropriate when preparing a sterile field for a dressing change?

   • A.Reach across the sterile field to place a sterile item near its center.
   • B.Consider the outer 2.5 cm (1 in) border of the sterile field contaminated.
   • C.Turn away briefly from the sterile field while opening a package.
   • D.Place the sterile field at waist level so it is easy to reach.

   Rationale: The outer 2.5 cm (1 in) border of a sterile field is considered contaminated, so sterile supplies must remain within the uncontaminated area. A sterile field must stay above waist level and in view; turning away or reaching across it risks contamination. The exam takeaway is to maintain visibility, avoid crossing over the field, and treat any uncertain contact as contamination.

4. 4.A client's potassium is 6.1 mEq/L, and the client is prescribed an IV medication. Which action best promotes medication safety before administration?

   • A.Document administration before giving the medication to avoid forgetting.
   • B.Prepare the medication in advance and leave it at the bedside for later use.
   • C.Compare the medication label with the medication administration record at the bedside.
   • D.Ask the client's roommate to confirm the client's identity.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.In the emergency department, a client with a draining wound caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is admitted. Which personal protective equipment is required for routine wound care?

   • A.Gloves and a gown
   • B.A gown, gloves, and an N95 respirator
   • C.A surgical mask and eye protection
   • D.An N95 respirator and gloves

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.