NUR 201

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Sample questions from NUR 201

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.A 72-year-old client is 6 hours postoperative after hip-fracture repair on a medical-surgical unit. The client is suddenly restless, has respirations of 28/min, oxygen saturation of 88% on room air, and heart rate of 112/min. What should the nurse do first?

   • A.Apply oxygen and assess the client's respiratory status
   • B.Administer the prescribed opioid for incisional pain
   • C.Reorient the client and dim the room lights
   • D.Call the family to ask about the client's usual behavior

   Rationale: The new hypoxemia and tachypnea indicate an acute oxygenation problem, so support breathing and reassess immediately. Pain medication may worsen respiratory depression, while reorientation and family input do not address the immediate threat. The exam takeaway is to prioritize airway and breathing over comfort or information gathering.

2. 2.A 68-year-old client with pneumonia is receiving oxygen at 2 L/min by nasal cannula. The client is alert, has a respiratory rate of 20/min, oxygen saturation of 94%, and stable vital signs. Which task is appropriate for the RN to delegate to an experienced unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?

   • A.Assess the client's lung sounds after ambulation
   • B.Teach the client how to use the incentive spirometer
   • C.Assist the client to a chair and report oxygen saturation per unit protocol
   • D.Evaluate whether the antibiotic has improved the client's fever

   Rationale: A UAP may assist with routine mobility and obtain or report data for a stable client. Lung assessment, teaching, and evaluation of treatment response require RN judgment. The exam takeaway is to delegate predictable tasks, not assessment, teaching, or evaluation.

3. 3.A 54-year-old client with type 1 diabetes is admitted with vomiting and abdominal pain. The client is lethargic, has deep rapid respirations, glucose of 486 mg/dL, potassium of 5.6 mEq/L, and a serum pH of 7.18. Which prescription should the nurse implement first?

   • A.Begin the prescribed isotonic IV fluid bolus
   • B.Administer the prescribed long-acting insulin
   • C.Give oral potassium replacement
   • D.Restrict fluids until the glucose decreases

   Rationale: Diabetic ketoacidosis causes severe volume depletion, and initial isotonic fluid replacement supports circulation while treatment proceeds. Long-acting insulin is not the typical initial insulin treatment, potassium is already elevated, and fluid restriction worsens dehydration. The exam takeaway is to restore perfusion first while monitoring electrolytes and following the DKA protocol.

4. 4.A 31-year-old client is admitted to the emergency department with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. The client has a persistent cough, night sweats, and weight loss; temperature is 38.1 C (100.6 F), and oxygen saturation is 96%. Which infection-control action is appropriate?

   • A.Place the client in a negative-pressure room and wear a fit-tested respirator
   • B.Place the client in a private room and wear a surgical mask only
   • C.Use contact precautions and dedicate a blood pressure cuff
   • D.Keep the door open and ask the client to wear a respirator

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.A 24-year-old client arrives at a clinic 2 hours after unprotected intercourse and requests emergency contraception. The client is not pregnant and has no contraindications to emergency contraceptive medication. Which response is best?

   • A.Explain that emergency contraception should be taken as soon as possible and discuss available options
   • B.Tell the client to wait until the next menstrual period before taking any action
   • C.Explain that emergency contraception terminates an established pregnancy
   • D.Recommend a pregnancy test today as the only necessary intervention

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.