LPN Meg Surg Exam Chapter 10 Immune and Lymphatic System

Free preview · Original latest version

Sample questions from LPN Meg Surg Exam Chapter 10 Immune and Lymphatic System

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.A client receiving chemotherapy has an absolute neutrophil count of 400/mm3 and an oral temperature of 38.1 C (100.6 F). Which action should the practical nurse take first?

   • A.Notify the RN immediately of the temperature and neutrophil count
   • B.Offer acetaminophen and recheck the temperature in 1 hour
   • C.Place the client in a room with a client who has a mild respiratory infection
   • D.Encourage fresh flowers in the room to improve the client's mood

   Rationale: Fever with severe neutropenia may signal a life-threatening infection, so the practical nurse should promptly report these findings to the RN. Acetaminophen could mask a worsening fever, and waiting delays needed evaluation. A potentially infectious roommate and fresh flowers can expose a neutropenic client to pathogens.

2. 2.A client with systemic lupus erythematosus takes prednisone daily. Which statement shows the client understands an important safety instruction?

   • A.I will stop the medicine as soon as my joint pain improves.
   • B.I will report a fever or other signs of infection promptly.
   • C.I should take an extra dose whenever I feel tired.
   • D.I can receive any live vaccine without checking with my provider.

   Rationale: Prednisone suppresses immune responses, so infection may develop or worsen and should be reported promptly. Stopping long-term corticosteroids abruptly can be dangerous, and doses should not be increased independently. Live vaccines may be unsafe for clients taking immunosuppressive doses of corticosteroids.

3. 3.A client who received a prescribed antibiotic develops generalized hives, wheezing, and swelling of the lips. What is the practical nurse's priority action?

   • A.Stop the medication and activate the emergency response system
   • B.Document the reaction and reassess at the end of the shift
   • C.Offer oral fluids and encourage the client to rest
   • D.Ask the client to describe any past seasonal allergies

   Rationale: Hives with wheezing and lip swelling suggest anaphylaxis, which can rapidly obstruct the airway; stop exposure and activate emergency help immediately. Documentation is important but must not delay emergency care. Fluids and allergy history do not address the immediate threat.

4. 4.A client prescribed an epinephrine auto-injector for severe allergy asks when to use it. Which response is best?

   • A.Use it for mild itching that stays in one small area.
   • B.Use it for signs of a severe reaction, then seek emergency care.
   • C.Use it only after an antihistamine has failed for 2 hours.
   • D.Use it once and do not tell emergency personnel if symptoms improve.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.A client with HIV has a CD4 count of 180 cells/mm3 and is prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for prophylaxis. Which statement indicates understanding?

   • A.This medicine helps prevent certain infections while my immune defenses are low.
   • B.This medicine will cure HIV if I take it for the full course.
   • C.I can stop it whenever I have no symptoms.
   • D.It replaces the need to take my antiretroviral medicines.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.