ATI Allergy

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Sample questions from ATI Allergy

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.In the emergency department, a 26-year-old client develops generalized hives, lip swelling, wheezing, and a blood pressure of 82/48 mm Hg minutes after receiving an antibiotic. Which action should the nurse take first?

   • A.Administer intramuscular epinephrine
   • B.Document the reaction in the medical record
   • C.Obtain a 12-lead electrocardiogram
   • D.Give an oral antihistamine

   Rationale: Intramuscular epinephrine is the priority treatment for anaphylaxis with airway involvement and hypotension. An electrocardiogram and documentation do not treat the immediate threat, and an oral antihistamine is too slow and does not reverse airway edema or shock. The exam takeaway is to recognize anaphylaxis and give epinephrine promptly.

2. 2.In an outpatient clinic, a 41-year-old client being treated for a severe allergic reaction has received intramuscular epinephrine. Which actions should the nurse anticipate or implement next? Select all that apply.

   • A.Activate emergency response and arrange transfer for continued monitoring
   • B.Prepare to administer oxygen and support ventilation as needed
   • C.Wait to give additional treatment until hives resolve
   • D.Monitor blood pressure, respiratory status, and response to treatment frequently
   • E.Position the client supine with legs elevated if breathing permits

   Rationale: Emergency transfer, a supine position when tolerated, oxygen or ventilatory support, and frequent reassessment address the risks of airway compromise and shock. Waiting for hives to resolve delays treatment of potentially life-threatening symptoms. Epinephrine may require repeat dosing and additional treatment under emergency protocols.

3. 3.At change of shift on a pediatric unit, a nurse receives report on four clients with documented allergies. Which client should the nurse assess first?

   • A.A 9-year-old with seasonal rhinitis who requests a tissue
   • B.A 12-year-old with a localized itchy rash after adhesive removal
   • C.A 6-year-old with a new hoarse voice and cough after eating a snack containing peanut
   • D.A 10-year-old whose parent asks to update the allergy list

   Rationale: A new hoarse voice and cough after a likely allergen exposure can signal evolving laryngeal edema and anaphylaxis. Seasonal rhinitis, a localized adhesive rash, and an allergy-list update are lower priority in the absence of airway or circulatory symptoms. The exam takeaway is to prioritize airway changes after allergen exposure.

4. 4.During a home visit, a 73-year-old client with a history of penicillin anaphylaxis shows the nurse a new prescription for amoxicillin. Which action is best?

   • A.Suggest taking an antihistamine before each dose
   • B.Tell the client to take half the prescribed dose initially
   • C.Instruct the client to take the first dose with food
   • D.Contact the prescriber to clarify and obtain a safe alternative

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.A charge nurse is assigning care on a medical unit. Which task is appropriate to delegate to an experienced unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) for a stable 58-year-old client with a known latex allergy?

   • A.Evaluate the client's response to a newly administered antihistamine
   • B.Verify that latex-free gloves are used during a dressing change
   • C.Assess a new rash after a procedure
   • D.Teach the client how to recognize anaphylaxis

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.