Peds Benchmark Study Guide

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Sample questions from Peds Benchmark Study Guide

This material has 24 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.A nurse is preparing a 3-year-old child for an IV insertion. The parent offers to stay during the procedure. Which approach best supports the child's developmental needs and family-centered care?

   • A.Explain the procedure in detail the evening before and ask the parent to wait outside.
   • B.Use simple words and a doll shortly before the procedure, and invite the parent to provide comfort.
   • C.Tell the child the procedure will not hurt and offer a reward for remaining silent.
   • D.Ask the child whether the IV should be inserted and postpone it if the child refuses.

   Rationale: Preschoolers benefit from brief, concrete explanations, therapeutic play, and a trusted caregiver's presence. Detailed explanations far in advance can increase anxiety, and routine parent exclusion is not family-centered. Promising no pain is dishonest, and silence should not be required. Offer limited choices, such as which comfort item to hold, rather than allowing the child to decide whether necessary treatment occurs.

2. 2.A 7-year-old hospitalized for an asthma exacerbation initially has loud wheezing. One hour later, the child is drowsy, has markedly diminished breath sounds, and has an oxygen saturation of 88% despite prescribed oxygen. What should the nurse do first?

   • A.Document that decreased wheezing indicates improved airflow.
   • B.Encourage oral fluids to loosen respiratory secretions.
   • C.Activate the emergency response system and support airway and breathing.
   • D.Delay intervention until the next scheduled respiratory assessment.

   Rationale: Drowsiness, hypoxemia despite oxygen, and markedly diminished air movement indicate impending respiratory failure and require immediate emergency assistance and respiratory support. Less wheezing is not improvement when airflow and mental status worsen. Oral fluids do not reverse respiratory failure and may pose an aspiration risk in a drowsy child. Waiting for another scheduled assessment dangerously delays treatment.

3. 3.A child weighing 18 kg has a prescription for cefazolin 25 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hours. The pharmacy supplies a prepared syringe labeled 100 mg/mL. After verifying that the dose is appropriate, how many milliliters should the nurse administer per dose using the recommended IV administration procedure?

   • A.1.5 mL
   • B.4.5 mL
   • C.13.5 mL
   • D.45 mL

   Rationale: The dose is 18 kg x 25 mg/kg/dose = 450 mg per dose. Dividing 450 mg by 100 mg/mL gives 4.5 mL. The 1.5 mL option incorrectly divides the prescribed per-dose amount among three daily doses. The 13.5 mL option represents the total volume for all three daily doses, not one dose. The 45 mL option reflects a tenfold decimal error.

4. 4.During a home visit, a nurse assesses a healthy 2-month-old infant's sleep environment. Which parent statement indicates correct understanding of safe sleep teaching?

   • A.I place my baby on the side with a rolled blanket to prevent choking.
   • B.I let my baby finish sleeping in the car seat after we come indoors.
   • C.I place my baby on the back in an empty crib with a firm, flat mattress in my room.
   • D.I share my bed with my baby because breastfeeding makes bed-sharing safe.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.A 12-year-old with type 1 diabetes develops shakiness and sweating before lunch. The child is alert, can swallow safely, and has a blood glucose level of 54 mg/dL. The child's prescribed hypoglycemia plan specifies 15 g of rapid-acting carbohydrate. Which action is most appropriate?

   • A.Give 15 g of rapid-acting carbohydrate and recheck blood glucose in 15 minutes.
   • B.Administer the scheduled rapid-acting insulin before offering lunch.
   • C.Give a high-fat snack and recheck blood glucose in 1 hour.
   • D.Administer intramuscular glucagon and withhold all oral intake.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.