Women and Men Drugs Pharmacology

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Sample questions from Women and Men Drugs Pharmacology

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.A client taking an oral medication with a narrow therapeutic index has reduced kidney function. Which pharmacokinetic change is most likely?

   • A.The medication will be absorbed more rapidly from the gastrointestinal tract.
   • B.The medication will have a shorter half-life.
   • C.The medication may be eliminated more slowly, increasing the risk of accumulation.
   • D.The medication will be metabolized more quickly by the liver.

   Rationale: Reduced renal function can decrease medication excretion and cause drug accumulation. Faster absorption and metabolism do not follow from impaired kidney function, and the half-life is more likely to be prolonged than shortened. Assess renal function and monitor for toxicity when medications are renally cleared.

2. 2.Refer to the client's chart. Which actions should the nurse take before administering the next dose of digoxin? Select all that apply.

   • A.Recheck the apical pulse for a full minute before administration.
   • B.Give the dose with an antacid to prevent nausea.
   • C.Ask about nausea and changes in color vision.
   • D.Review the potassium result of 3.0 mEq/L as a possible contributor to toxicity.
   • E.Withhold the dose and notify the prescriber about the apical pulse of 54/min.

   Rationale: The pulse of 54/min is below the usual adult hold parameter, and the nurse should withhold the dose and notify the prescriber. Nausea and color-vision changes can indicate digoxin toxicity, while potassium of 3.0 mEq/L (reference range 3.5-5.0 mEq/L) increases sensitivity to digoxin. A full-minute apical pulse is essential before dosing; an antacid does not prevent toxicity and can interfere with absorption.

3. 3.A provider prescribes an oral medication to be taken on an empty stomach. Which instruction best explains this timing?

   • A.Take it with a high-fat meal to improve absorption.
   • B.Take it with an antacid to prevent stomach irritation.
   • C.Take it only at bedtime to avoid interactions with food.
   • D.Take it at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after food, unless the label specifies otherwise.

   Rationale: Food can delay or reduce absorption of some medications, so an empty-stomach instruction commonly means taking the dose at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after food. A high-fat meal, antacid, or bedtime dosing is not a general substitute for the prescribed timing. Follow medication-specific instructions because some drugs have different administration requirements.

4. 4.A client says, "I missed yesterday's dose, so I will take two tablets today." Which response is best?

   • A."Take the missed dose with your next scheduled dose."
   • B."Follow the medication-specific missed-dose instructions; do not double a dose unless directed."
   • C."Stop the medication until your next appointment."
   • D."Double the dose only if you missed one dose."

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.Which actions reduce the risk of medication-administration errors? Select all that apply.

   • A.Compare the medication label with the medication administration record when removing, preparing, and returning the medication.
   • B.Clarify an incomplete or unsafe prescription before administering the medication.
   • C.Document administration after giving the medication.
   • D.Leave an unlabeled medication cup at the bedside for the client to take later.
   • E.Use two client identifiers before administration.

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.