Pharmacology Cardiovascular System

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Sample questions from Pharmacology Cardiovascular System

This material has 90 questions with answers and rationales. Here are the first 5.

1. 1.A client receives an oral medication with a high first-pass effect. Which route most directly avoids this effect?

   • A.Oral
   • B.Nasogastric
   • C.Sublingual
   • D.Enteral feeding tube

   Rationale: Sublingual medication is absorbed through the oral mucosa into systemic circulation, bypassing hepatic first-pass metabolism. Oral and feeding-tube routes deliver medication through the gastrointestinal tract, where it enters portal circulation. The route must still be appropriate for the specific medication formulation.

2. 2.Refer to the client's chart. Which actions are appropriate before administering the scheduled medication? Select all that apply.

   • A.Check the client's current blood pressure before giving the medication.
   • B.Crush the extended-release tablet to make swallowing easier.
   • C.Document administration before giving the medication.
   • D.Ask the client to state their name and compare it with the identification band.
   • E.Verify the medication against the current prescription and medication administration record.

   Rationale: The medication record and prescription must be checked, and two approved identifiers should be used. The client's blood pressure is relevant because the chart shows a low reading and the ordered medication can lower blood pressure further; clarify whether it is safe to administer. Extended-release tablets should not be crushed, and documentation occurs after administration.

3. 3.A client taking warfarin is prescribed a new medication. Which source should the nurse consult first to assess for a potential interaction?

   • A.The medication's current prescribing information and a reliable interaction resource
   • B.A general nutrition handout
   • C.The client's preferred pharmacy's advertising materials
   • D.A social media discussion about the medication

   Rationale: Warfarin has clinically important interactions that can alter bleeding risk or anticoagulant effect, so a current authoritative interaction resource is appropriate. Informal social media and advertising are not reliable clinical references. A nutrition handout does not evaluate medication interactions.

4. 4.A prescription reads, 'Give 0.25 mg of digoxin.' The available tablets contain 125 mcg each. How many tablets should the nurse administer?

   • A.0.5 tablet
   • B.1 tablet
   • C.4 tablets
   • D.2 tablets

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.

5. 5.Which pharmacokinetic process describes movement of a drug from the bloodstream into body tissues?

   • A.Absorption
   • B.Distribution
   • C.Excretion
   • D.Metabolism

   Answer and rationale are in the full material.